The roles of glutathione in Gram negative bacteria have been extensively reviewed [12, 13]

Aside from protecting cells from damage due to excessive oxygen or nitrogen radicals, glutathione plays a number of other key roles, including (1) : Detoxification of toxic compounds Facilitating plasma membrane transport of toxic substances for elimination Scavenging oxygen and nitrogen oxidants Recycling and regenerating other antioxidants (vitamins C and E) Removing heavy metals Regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis Supporting mitochondrial function and maintaining the health of mitochondrial DNA Without sufficient glutathione production or intake, low glutathione status can contribute to the development or worsening of various disease states, some of which include (2, 3) : Premature aging Neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimers, Parkinsons) Cancer Diabetes HIV/AIDS Autoimmunity Infertility Mental health disorders Its a little nutrient that plays a big role, so supporting it in any way you can is critical to maintaining health and preventing chronic disease development

The BPC-157 capsule format offers a convenient and non-invasive method for systemic support
Saying spray "does the same thing" extrapolates across two unknowns: species and route
Pharm Res Wang W (2000) Lyophilization and development of solid protein pharmaceuticals
However, clinical data to support these claims is limited